Chapter 1. Cardiac pacemakers in medicine
- Cardiac pacemakers in medicine intro
- What are cardiac pacemakers and how do they treat heart conditions?
- Types of pacemakers
- Pacemakers and sinus node dysfunction
- Pacemakers and heart block
- Pacemakers and 'slow' AF patients
- Pacemakers and cardioinhibitory syncope
- Pacemakers and heart failure
- Who qualifies for a pacemaker?
- Cardiac pacemakers in medicine quiz
Chapter 2. Nuts and bolts of pacing
- Nuts and bolts of pacing intro
- Unipolar and bipolar (vectors)
- Pacemaker sensing and fixed sensitivity
- Auto-adjusting sensitivity
- Pacemakers thresholds
- Pacemaker modes and nomenclature
- Nuts and bolts of pacing quiz
Chapter 3. Pacemaker optimization
- Pacemaker optimization intro
- The right amount of pacing
- Pacing percentages
- Base rate and lower rate limit
- Hysteresis
- The AV delay
- Rate response and sensor rate
- Rate drop response
- Upper rate limit
- What is automatic mode switch (AMS)?
- Pacemaker optimization quiz
Chapter 4. Biventricular pacing
- Biventricular pacing intro
- Who qualifies for a biventricular pacemaker?
- Positioning a left ventricular lead
- 100% biventricular pacing
- Diaphragmatic pacing
- Troubleshooting diaphragmatic pacing
- Quadripolar leads
- Biventricular pacing quiz
Chapter 5. Common pacemaker problems and resolutions
- Common pacemaker problems and resolutions intro
- Failure to capture
- Undersensing
- Oversensing
- Troubleshooting with vectors
- Infection and lead displacement
- Erosion and twiddler's syndrome
- Upper rate behaviour
- Pacemaker syndrome
- Pacemaker mediated tachycardia (PMT)
- Coping with long first degree AV block — AAI ↔︎ DDD
- Common pacemaker problems and resolutions quiz
Chapter 6. Pacemakers and the ECG
- Pacemakers and the ECG intro
- Pacing spikes
- Pacing on a 12-lead ECG Part I
- Pacing on a 12-lead ECG Part II
- Failure to capture on electrocardiogram
- Undersensing on the electrogram
- Oversensing on the electrocardiogram
- Pacemakers and the ECG quiz
Chapter 7. Pacemakers as diagnostic tools
- Pacemakers as diagnostic tools intro
- Battery life
- Arrhythmia data
- Tips for interpreting electrograms
- Heart rate histograms
- Intuitive diagnostics — fluid status and sleep apnea
- Lead impedance
- Pacemakers as diagnostic tools quiz